Stock-car



(No Model.)

e. T. PATTERSON STOCK GAR.

No. 252,399. Patented Jan. 17, 18812.

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N. PETKRS. Phuw'mhogmphar, walmngmn, D. C.

UNTED STATES PATENT Ormes.

GEORGEy F. PATTERSON, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND., ASSIGNOR `OF ONE- HALF TOCHARLES C. FAIRLAMB, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STOCK-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 252,399, datedJanuaryl?, 1882.

Application filed July 30, 1881.

To all whom it may concern p Beit knownthat I, GEORGE F. PATTER- SON, acitizenof the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the county ofBaltimore and State of Maryland, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Stocl{-Oars,which are fully set forth in the followingspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, inwhichro Figure 1 is aside elevation of a car containing myimprovements;Fig. 2, a detail plan section` taken on the line x m in Fig. l; Fig. 3,a detail cross-section taken onthe line y y in Fig. l; Fig. 4, a detailplan section, showing the strip attachment at one side of the door,

as in Fig.,2 of the drawings, but on an enlarged scale;. and Fig. 5, aperspective view ot' the device for attaching the door-strip.

My invention relates to the construction of 2o cars intended forthetransportation of live stock, the objectof my present improvementbeing to provide a car especially adapted for carrying hogs.

It is well known to stockcarriers and ship! pers thathogs suffer greatlyfrom heat during transportation in cars of ordinary construction,especially in warm weather, and various attempts have been made toalleviate. this suffering by occasionally throwing water upon the 3oanimalsin some instances in the form of a shower orspray. This affordsonly temporary relief, however, and it is the purpose ot' myinvention toconstruct a car which shall be provided with means for e'ectuallypreventing the eects'of heat upon these animals while being transportedfrom one point to another, and to this end I propose to provide, as faras possible, the saine means which the animal naturally seeks when free.

The invention therefore consists in providing a permanent water-tank orshallow body of water extending overthe bottom ot the car.

It also consistsin special features of construction by means ot whichthe invention is l4 5 carried out practically.

(No model.)

Thejoints where the boards meet the door ot" the car should be calked orin any suitable way made water-tight, and the boards are to be of suchwidth as may be desired for the` depth of the water-tank when completed.Obviousl y this construction will make the car water-tight at the bottomfor a little distance upward, except at the doors, and in order tocomplete the construction it is necessary to provide suitable means formaking the doors water-tight at the bottom without interfering withtheir ordinary construction and use. In order to accomplish this Iprovide short strips C, of the same width as the base-boards,which areapplied to the doorway on the inside, being a little longer than thewidth ofthe doorway. At the base, where these strips meet the ooring ofthe car, the joint is made watertight by any suitable means. In thedrawings I have shown a simple and cheap device for this purpose,whichconsists of two smallcleats. D, titted tothe angle between the door andthe door-strips, both inside and outside otl thelatter, and firmlysecured to the iloor. Ordinarily this will be found sufficient, as dirtwill accumulate at this point sufficiently to prevent leakage; but, ifdesired or found necessary, these joints may be calked or madewater-tight by using rubber strips or gaskets or anyother suitableappliance for this purpose. At the ends of the strips, where they lapover onto the base-boards B, I apply strips `ot' rubber or felt or anyother suitable material between the door-strips and the baseboards, soas to make water-tight joints at these points when the door-strips aresecured in place. `These gaskets maybe permanently fastened to the endsof the door-strips or the adjacent baseboards, if desired, Now, it is ofcourse desirable to' fasten these door-strips in place in such mannerthat they may be readily raemoved and will not interfere with thesliding ofthe door, as usual. For this purposeI provide a clamping boltor hook, E, bent at one end at right angles to form a clamping-toot, e,the outer end of which is preferably provided with teeth e. The other'end ot' the bolt or hook is threaded for the reception of a nut, F.This threaded end is -inserted in holes in the door-strips, near theends, and close to the posts a of the doorway, the clamping-feet beingturned outward, so as tobe brought against the outer face of thedoor-posts, as' shown in Figs. 2 and 4 ofthe drawings. The nuts are thenturned upon the inside ot' the strips, thereby drawing the partstogether to close the joints and securing the strips firmly in position,the teeth ofthe clamps being drawn into the wooden posts, so that therewill be no'danger of displacement. At the saine time the strips canreadily be removed by loosening the nuts,and they will notat allinterfere with the sliding of the door G, as usual. l Washers f may beapplied under the nuts, if desired, and made of any suitable material.Drain-pipes H may be provided at suitable intervals at the sides of thecar, being iitted with plugs h, on the removal of which the water may bedrawn from the car whenever desired.

Obviously, with this construction I provide a water-tight'tank at thebottom of the car, the depth otwhich is determined by-the Width Iof thebase-boards and door-strips. This tank occupies the entire iioor of thecar, and prol vides a standing body of water suilicient to permit thehogs to wallow therein, as naturally inclined,and thus obviate the evileffects of heating.

I do not restrict myself to any particular depth of tank, though a body0f' water from three to six inches deep would be sufficient forlpractical purposes. It' leakage should accidentally occur or the tankoverliow in ascending or descending steep grades, it is readily made upat the next water-station, so that the u tank can practically be keptsupplied Awith a permanent body of water, and as this covers the entiretloor of the car all the animals can be accommodated, which would .notbe the case were separate tanks introduced or a part of the carpartitioned oft' to form a tank. The animals shipped in these improvedcars will arrive at their destination with far less shrinkage than whentransported in ordinary cars, and the loss by death is very muchreduced.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the preciseconstruction which has been described above, for obviously the floor ofthe car may be convertedinto a permanent shallow water-tank ina numberof ways, and this is the main feature of my invention.

I have only described a very simple'and cheap way of applying theimprovement; but the gist of my invention consists in providing ashallow tank of water covering the floor of a car, however such tank maybe constructed and obtained.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and-desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a stock car, a shallow water-tank covering the iioor of the car,whereby a body ot' water maybe permanently retained at the bottom of thecar, substantially as and for the' purposes set forth.

2. In a stock-car, the car-bod y provided with a substantiallywater-tight iiooring, in combination with base-boards B anddoorway-strips C, both water-tight at their joints with the iiooring andeach other, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a stock-car, the car-body, in combination with the base-boards B,the removable doorway-strips G, and the clamping bolts or hooks E,substantially as described.

GEORGE F. PATTERSON. Witnesses GEO. R. GUTLER, THOMAS H. PEAsE.

